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Transcript: Causes, Reactions, Effects Fake News 1 1. Facts 2. Causes of Fake News 3. Policy Reactions 4. Effects on Politics 5. Tool-Kit Introduction 2 2 #1 Misconception #2 5 Top Fake News 2016 #3 THIS SHOWS Facebook #1 Source of Fake News 2016 Presidential Election as momentum Political Impact From objective journalism and accurate reporting to entirely fabricated stories: Where did fake news come from? 3 The New Media Landscape The New Media Landscape Mass Media Symbiosis and Mass Media Convergence Mass Media Symbiosis and Mass Media Convergence Thanks to the internet, providing the mass public with informative information is no longer a professional game. Thanks to the internet, providing the mass public with informative information is no long... More choice means more competition and greater resulting audience fragmentation More choice means more competition and greater resulting audience fragmentation ...giving audience members the power to decide what is deemed important, what gets redistributed and ultimately, what makes the news ...giving audience members the power to decide what is deem... When left unattended, the algorithms begin filtering-out relevant info from user’s newsfeeds and cause individual filter bubbles When left unattended, the algorithms begin filtering-o... Content providers are now engaged in what seems to be a race toward publishing the most bizarre and conflict ridden stories Content providers are now engaged in what seems to be a race toward publishing the most bizarre and conflict ridden stories So where has fake news come from? So where has fake news come from? An absence of professional standards and organizational constraints among new competition More audience control in creating content, gatekeeping and deciding what makes the news A new environment that places too high of a value on the bizarre and the immediate 4 Fake news everywhere - Political - Economical - Social - Entertainment How are countries handling the spread of fake news? Policy Reactions 5 Canada Canada "Kellie Leitch's (Conservative Party) campaign manager has posted fake news about the Trudeau government in an effort to draw out left-leaning voters". Policy Policy There have been laws against the spread of fake news for decades. Even though they're only enforced in extreme cases, there is an explicit law against the spread of fake news if it influences election outcomes, in contrast to the US. Instead of proposing laws, the government started a collaboration with Facebook and Google to educate younger generations in recognizing fake news and improving the online information system. Germany Germany The increased spread of fake news was considered a possible threat to democracy by Angela Merkel towards the German elections. Policy Policy This bill is a great example of the worldwide discussion between governments whether it's appropriate to use the law as a mechanism against the spread of fake news, because it may also be seen as a limit to the freedom of speech. India India Where other countries are mostly concerned about the threats to democracy, India faced violence and even deaths as a result of fake news. What makes India more vulnerable than other countries towards the consequences of fake news? Poor education Large cultural differences Declining mobile phone prices Fall in internet data prices 'News' isn't defined in the law, misinformation therefore isn't punishable. Social media companies are considered intermediaries Current governmental solutions: Internet shutdowns Counterspeeches Policy Policy Current solutions by individuals Fact-checking websites Fake news doesn't only influence public opinion, but also interferes in resolving the MH-17 attack that killed 200 people. Netherlands Netherlands Policy Policy Current governmental solutions: Collaboration between Facebook, Leiden University and www.nu.nl (newssite) to take down fake news through factchecking website. No real policy proposes yet. Singapore Singapore Singapore government has a prominent role compared to other countries in the region with battling fake news. This is mainly to make sure there won't be any religious tensions. A recent government survey showed that 91 per cent of Singaporeans are supportive of stronger laws to "ensure the removal and correction of fake news". Policy Policy Tech companies such as Facebook, Google and Twitter also bear a "significant responsibility". Some of these platforms have committed to reporting hate speech and flagging disputed information, but these "voluntary commitments" may not be enough, Mr Shanmugam said, citing how Germany and Israel are considering laws to compel social networks to remove certain types of unlawful content. Effects on Politics 6 “Everything is true and nothing is true. An explanation of climate change from a Nobel Prize winning physicist looks exactly the same on your Facebook page as the denial of climate change by somebody on the Koch brothers’ payroll.” Effect of Partisan media ,

Background Presentation

Transcript: 14th Week Consulting interns can be expensive Time and Money Personal Experience Preliminary Design Stage NFPA 101 and NFPA 13 New and Existing Education, Business, and Mercantile Definition of Project This app would be used to provide interns and recent graduates with an outline of guidelines for how to design and review designs of specific occupancies. With the given time frame, I will be writing the information that will go into the app Begin parametric study: Speak with my mentor and Jason to understand more about what critical variables I could concentrate on for this app. Choose those parameters and begin my study Gather information from NFPA 101 and NFPA 13 for new and existing education, business, and mercantile occupancies. By: Breanne Thompson Next Steps (Continued) Finish preparing for Draft of Analysis Pull together and discuss results of project Draw my conclusions and state future work needed Turn in Final Paper! 10th and 11th Week Turn in my parametric study Begin draft of analysis Map out the process of the app for the key elements 15th Week References Next Steps 7th Week Prepare for Final Presentation Summarize my draft of analysis into presentation Work on how to incorporate a live demonstration for my presentation App Development Background Information 8th-9th Week Continuous Process Objective-C for Apple products Java for Android products 6 months of studying Places to Learn: Codecademy, iOS Dev Center, Android Developers Training Hire App Developer will cost thousands Prepare Final Paper Dive into Shark Tank! 1. http://lifehacker.com/5401954/programmer-101-teach-yourself-how-to-code 2. http://www.bluecloudsolutions.com/blog/cost-develop-app/ 6th Week Background Presentation 12th-13th Week

Background Presentation

Transcript: Real action and accountability Amnesty International Non-state actors/ Rebel Groups?? ...and what about men?? ignoring male rape victims? would rape exist without a man? Weapons of War: Rape UN as an Arena - NGO's - Discussion and dialogue Arena Instrument Actor Critical Thinking Weapons of War: Rape UN as an instrument UNSC Resolution 1820 (2008) UN as an Actor - UN Action Against Sexual Violence in Conflict Weapons of War: Rape Problems with 1820 "Roles and Functions of International Organizations" "Sexual violence, when used as a tactic of war in order to deliberately target civilians or as a part of a widespread or systematic attack against civilian populations, can significantly exacerbate situations of armed conflict and may impede the restoration of international peace and security… effective steps to prevent and respond to such acts of sexual violence can significantly contribute to the maintenance of international peace and security" (UNSC Resolution 1820, p. 2)" http://www.stoprapenow.org/uploads/advocacyresources/1282164625.pdf Background Presentation- Kristin Mann Weapons of War: Rape Brief Insight - used to manipulate social control - destabilize communities - weaken ethnic groups and identities Examples: - Sudanese Militia - Rwanda Genocide - DRC Critical Thinking http://www.womenundersiegeproject.org/blog/entry/the-need-for-numbers-on-rape-in-warand-why-theyre-nearly-impossible-to-get Critical Thinking Increased Data Collection by international organizations - determine humanitarian responses - ensures justice and reparation - provides recognition and dignity

Background Presentation

Transcript: Death rate 2012: 12.84 deaths/1,000 population (World ranking: 22) Infant (Child Mortality) Total: 79.02 deaths/1,000 live births (world ranking: 10) HIV/AIDS (2) Appropriate Technology Landlocked country Great African Rift Valley system: East – Lake Malawi South – mountains, tropical palm-lined beaches Mainly a large plateau, with some hills Lake Malawi (Lake Nyasa) Almost 1 million people have AIDS 60% of these are female Declining in urban areas, Rising in rural areas Leading cause of death amongst adults Contributes to the low life expectancy: 54.2 years 209th ranking (One of the lowest) 500,000 children have been orphaned due to AIDs Micro-finance Policy Framework and Strategies (Health SWAp) increasing the availability and accessibility of antenatal services; utilization of skilled health personnel during pregnancy, childbirth and postnatal period at all levels of the health system; strengthening the capacity of individuals and institutions to improve maternal and neonatal health; increasing the number of skilled health personnel; constructing and upgrading health facilities to offer essential health services particularly focusing on rural and underserved areas; and provision of ARVs and micronutrients during pregnancy. Geography of Malawi CCST 9004 Appropriate Technology for the Developing World Indicator 3: Literacy Rate of 15 – 24 year-olds According to the World Bank, microfinance is defined as: Microfinance is the provision of financial services to the entrepreneurial poor.This definition has two important features:it emphasizes a range of financial services—not just credit— and it emphasizes the entrepreneurial poor. Goal 2: Achieve Universal Primary Education Appropriate Technology: SIRDAMAIZE 113 Population: 16,777,547 (estimated in July 2013) Population growth rate: 2.758% (2012 est.) (World ranking: 18) Age structure Children: 50% of total population HIV/AIDS Human Resources Education Poverty Food Insecurity Erratic Rainfall Patterns/Droughts Corruption Lack of Foreign Investment Languages Indicator 5: Proportion of seats held by women in National Parliaments Central Region: 1-9 (Yellow) *Capital: Lilongwe Northern Region: 10-15 (Red) Southern Region: 16-27 (Green) Lake Malawi (Blue) Land surface area 45,747 square miles Challenges: · shortage of qualified primary school teachers; · inadequate physical infrastructure; · poor retention of girls mainly from standard five to eight; · high disease burden due to HIV and AIDS consequently leadinto absenteeism, especially among girls who take care of the sick · Poverty levels are high in rural areas. Malawi – Climate/Agriculture Trading partners: South Africa, Zambia, China, US Challenges: · shortage of qualified primary school teachers; · inadequate physical infrastructure; · poor retention of girls mainly from standard five to eight; · high disease burden due to HIV and AIDS consequently leading to absenteeism especially among girls who take care of the sick; and · poor participation of school committees and their communities in school management. · Poverty levels are high in rural areas. 1 Doctor per 50,000 people Hinders the ability to deliver medical services to people in need Reason: Emigration Lack of access to education Aggravated by AIDS > 4 nurses are lost each month This also affects other sectors: Government Business Farmers Human Resources HIV/AIDS - Contemporary GDP: US $14.58 billion (2012 est.) (World ranking: 142) Labor force: agriculture: 90%; industry and services: 10% (2003 est.) Countries main income Agriculture Main crops: maize, tobacco, tea, sugar cane, groundnuts, cotton, wheat, coffee, and rice Industry: tobacco, tea, sugar, sawmill products, cement, consumer goods Challenges: limited capacity in terms of human and material resources to facilitate adult literacy and continuing education; early marriages perpetuated by socioeconomic factors; socio–cultural factors that make people believe that men should be leaders while women are followers; and, poor learning environment which affects girls in primary and secondary schools e.g. sanitary facilities, long distances to education facilities, extra burden from domestic chores especially for adolescent girls resulting into high dropout rate. 1964: Independent from Britain Indicator 1: Maternal Mortality Ratio Malawi Demographics Problems - Outline Indicator 4: Share of Women in Wage Employment in the Non- Agriculture Sector measure of employment opportunities ( i.e equal proportions of men and women in formal employment) Yet, more women participate in the agriculture sector than in the formal wage employment especially in jobs that require professional qualifications. Due to: literacy levels, gender disparity and cultural values. Facts About the Product: Drought tolerant maize variant Able to mature under limited rainfall Suitable for marginal rainfall areas 136 days to mature Normally: 150 – 180 days Able to mature under limited rainfall Suitable for marginal rainfall areas

Alternative Health

Transcript: THESIS: I believe that we can heal ourselves and better our every day lives without the use of modern day medicine by, taking care of our bodies by eating right, getting enough sleep, exercising, controlling our thoughts and actions and being aware of what our body needs at that moment. Rice Experiment -alternative medicine is holistic: working with the whole person – body, mind and spirit. Rather than simply focusing on specific symptoms and problems -Alternative medicines are usually less costly than conventional drugs and can be obtained over the counter -Practitioners of alternative medicine offer more personalized care -Alternative medicine treats the underlying cause of a problem -alternative medicine allows – and requires – you to take charge of your own health. When you are actively involved in your own health you can make better, more informed, more cost-effective decisions Why are so many people choosing this route? "People who have good emotional health are aware of their thoughts, feelings and behaviors. They have learned healthy ways to cope with the stress and problems that are a normal part of life. They feel good about themselves and have healthy relationships.Your body responds to the way you think, feel and act. This is often called the “mind/body connection.” When you are stressed, anxious or upset, your body tries to tell you that something isn’t right. For example, high blood pressure or a stomach ulcer might develop after a particularly stressful event, such as the death of a loved one" (Hastings 1). What exactly is the mind body connections: Mind body connection is the interaction of physical, mental and emotional aspects of the human life experience. This connection is real and exists in all people so there is no need of creating or developing such a connection. Mind body connection means that one can use his or her thoughts to positively influence some of the body's physical responses. Alternative Health and Medicine WORK CITED MIND BODY CONNECTION: -"Alternative medicine includes dietary supplements, megadose vitamins, herbal preparations, special teas, massage therapy, magnet therapy, mind body connection, spiritual healing and other methods that do not follow generally accepted medical methods and may not have a scientific explanation for their effectiveness" (Seasons 1). -Alternative medicine can also be ways or methods of just bettering our lives emotionally and physically without the use of modern medicine such as nutrition and eating well, and getting the proper amount of exercise and sleep. Topic 4 What is alternative medicine? If THIS can happen to rice, imagine what destructive thoughts or words can have on the human body After all, the human body is composed mostly of water. Audience: My audience that I have chosen to focus on is college students that are looking to better their lives now to prepare for the future. It is important now to get into these habits of taking care of our bodies now while we are still young and able. Hastings, Bill. "Mind/Body Connection: How Your Emotions Affect Your Health." Familydoctor.org. N.p., Dec. 2010. Web. 1 Dec. 2013. LivelyMom. "The Rice Experiment – Demonstrating the Power of Words." Adam's Journey. N.p., 12 Feb. 2010. Web. 3 Dec. 2013. Seasons, Walter. "Six Reasons to Choose Alternative Medicine." Fourseasonsassistance.com. N.p., 20 Jan. 2012. Web. 1 Dec. 2013. People against this alternative route argue that they want someone who is educated in medicine to help and diagnose them but really we know our bodies better than anyone. How can we improve our emotional or physical health from knowing about the mind body connection? First, try to recognize your emotions and understand why you are having them. Sorting out the causes of sadness, stress and anxiety in your life can help you manage your emotional health. Ways to improve emotional and physical health: -Express your feelings in appropriate ways. -Live a balanced life. -Develop resilience. -Calm your mind and body. -Take care of yourself. -being aware of your thoughts and how they can have an impact Can we really heal ourselves without the use of modern medicine?

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