Intercultural Communication
Transcript: If there is EC, both may know that A's attitude to B is one of sexual attraction, friendship, hate, dominance or submission. There may be a rapid sequence of communications, in which EC plays a central part, and which serves to establish the relationship between A and B. Definition of Communication The communication process is complete once the receiver has understood the message of the sender. David Cohen. (2007). Body Language What You Need To Know. London: Ashford Colour Press. Allan Pease. (1981). Body Language How To Read Other’s Thoughts by Their Gestures. Australia: Pease Training Corporation. Susan Quilliam. (2004). Body Language. London: Carlton Books Limited. A. Arms crossed Anger Pursed lips, lowered brow The crossed arms may tense and pull into the side of the body, the hands clenched into fists unconsciously “Arms crossed” , a negative signal Defending themselves against something Eye Contact C. Using forefinger A sensitive signal Use carefully Japan/ Hong Kong Using forefinger to calculate, pointing at someone or something is acceptable Western countries It is forbidden To insult or provoke someone During EC each person knows that the other is attending primarily to him, and that further interaction can proceed Albert Mehrabian’s finding: Spoken words: 7% Voice tone: 38% Facial expression: 55% (iv) Leg cross = they are among people whom they don't know well = negative or defensive =appear insecure and causes others to react accordingly open legs = openness or dominance crossed legs = closed , submissive or defensive attitude For women : intends to stay , not leave / access denied For man : close leg protect masculinity Borg, John. Body Language, 2008 Mehrabian, Albert& Morton Wiene(1967): Decoding of inconsistent communications. Journal of personality and social psychology Argyle, Michael, Veronica Salter, Hilary Nicholson, Marylijn Williams& Philip Burgess(1970): The communication of inferior and superior attitudes by verbal and non-verbal signals. Engleberg, Isa N. Working in Groups: Communication Principles and Strategies. My Communication Kit Series, 2006 Blatner, Adam. “About Nonvferbal communications.” 29.June 2009. Web.4 Mar.2010 Argyle,M.(1990).Bodily Communication(2nd edition).New York: International University Press Content No matter where you from, no matter what gender you are, no matter how old you are, facial expression will not be different. "impaled before the glance of another" VS "loved and confirmed as a person" 1. Repeating (iii) Foot-forward -body weight is shifted to one hip + leaves the front foot pointing forward. -pointing at where the mind wants to go e.g. group situation Point foot at one person= showing interest point feet at the nearest exit = want to leave Eye Contact and Conclusion Male : combine with clenched fists resting on the knees Happiness Sadness Anger Fear Contempt Disgust Surprise Facial Expression Language and non-verbal communication Chan Wing Sze, Ruki Choi Sze Yan, C Chung Kai Leong, Khris Ho Sui, Mandy Kwong Chi Wang, Cadence 1. Introduction 2. Definition of language & communication 3. Language and non-verbal communication 4. Interaction of verbal and non-verbal communication 5. Facial expression 6. Eye contact 7. Conclusion A. Arms crossed A closed mind, a blocking function The listener may not taking in your talk Disagreement - The shoulders are tensely raised, with some head shakes Taking a rest - Leaning back in a chair for a while Facial expression is visible upon human face Each expression represent different emotion respectively Lasts less than one second, up to one second Cannot be fake 3. Complementing It is a motor skill Looking for feedback Mostly done just before the ending of a speech Facial Expression always seen on your face… Language and Non-verbal Communication Body Language Purpose An Important source of information about someone’s attitude e.g. Repetitively tapping / making short jabs in the air with foot = frustration at not being able to escape . what we don’t want to leaving or staying in a conversation. 2) To go towards what we want and move away from show a person’s commitment e.g. open or uncrossed = an open or dominant attitude crossed = closed attitudes or uncertainty Legs and feet Concealment and Exhibitionism (ii) Legs apart -Both feet firmly on the ground = making clear statement that no intention of leaving (macho-looking attitude) -Predominantly a male gesture showing masculinity Interaction of verbal and non-verbal communication Establishment and Recognition of Social relationship Functions of eye contact Body Language The relative importance of verbal and non-verbal communication may be different in different studies, but we can still find that NVC functions a lot. Non-verbal and verbal communication complements each other Non-verbal cues used to elaborate on verbal messages when trying to achieve communication goal When non-verbal behavior is used as the sole channel for communication of a message Example: body